Swords
Superb lacquered wood sake cup. The gold gilt pattern
has a combat helmet and samurai sword. Also some
cherry blossoms.

The characters on the reverse of the cup read 'China
Incident Commemorative, 9th Transport'.
The samurai sword was a standard part of the IJA uniform, and
swords have been part of the Japanese military culture for
hundreds of years, so seeing swords on cups is no surprise.

Usually the same kind of sheathed sword is on cups, and, as you
can see from the examples here, they invariably appear with a
combat helmet. I'm sure exceptions exist but I have yet to find
one.

Note that in each of the following photos the sword is only part of
the design; it never appears more prominent than the other
symbolic elements.

I think that the most of the swords depicted here, though meant
to be general military symbols, are the traditional
katana that
'were converted for field use by the addition of a suspension
mount and leather scabbard cover.'
(Fuller, 32)