Self-Defense Forces
The tradition of giving military sake cups hasn't disappeared,
but now the number of military people is quite low and the
popularity of cups is also low. It seems that the modern SDF
awards cups for various awards, merit prizes, and long
service.

Now porcelain cups have gone out of favor, and the gold
plated metal ones are the most common.

Many of the military symbols are similar to pre-1945 insignia.

JGSDF: Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
JASDF: Japan Air Self-Defense Force
JMSDF: Japan Marine Self-Defense Force
Paratroopers?
I don't know this insignia, but it is quite similar to the old
Imperial Guard insignia.
Two naval cups with a
IJN anchor and blossom.
Wooden ceremonial MASU.
Inscribed '3rd Technical Academy.'
patch
A few SDF patches and badges
RIKUJOU JI-EI-TAI
(Ground Self-Defense Force)
Here are some JMSDF insignia you might find on cups.
Submarine
Submarine Medic
Air Traffic Controller
Air Force
Air Force Medic
Physical Endurance
Air Traffic Controller