Sakhalin
Sakhalin, called Karafuto in Japanese, is a disputed island north of Japan.
Both Russia and Japan claim this, and the dispute continues today.

The Japanese had occupied and ran the southern part of the island since
about 1855. The northern part of the island had Russian troops, and there
may have been skirmishes between the two countries there. Anyway, to
distinguish between the two areas, the Japanese often called the northern
half Sagaren, which is composed of three kanji (see examples to the right).

Cups from this area may be from the First World War. I am not sure when
Japanese troops were stationed on (or invaded) the northern part.
Inscribed 'Sagaren, Victorious Return Commemorative,
Watanabe'.
Inscribed 'Sagaren [in the banner] Discharge
Commemorative, Ueno, 8th Engineer'.
Inscribed 'Sagaren, Victorious Return Commemorative,
29th Infantry, 5th [Division?], Imano'.
Very rare cup from Karafuto, the Japanese name for Sakhalin.
Inscribed 'Karafuto Defense Commemorative, 27th Infantry, Igarashi.'
Inscribed 'Sagaren, Victorious Return Commemorative, Abe'.
Inscribed 'Sagaren Dispatch Army, War Dispatch Commemorative, Vehicle Unit'.
Inscribed 'Sagaren Dispatch Dispatch Commemorative, Imperial Guard Transport'.
Inscribed '2nd Engineer, Sagaren Victorious Return Commemorative,
Takayama.'
Inscribed 'Sagaren Defense, Discharge Commemorative, Kakizaki [??].'
3 examples of 'Sagaren'
'Karafuto'
'Conquer Karafuto'
Inscribed 'Conquer Karafuto Commemorative.'
Inscribed '4th Infantry, Sagaren Victorious Return Commemorative.'
Inscribed 'Sagaren Dispatch Commemorative, 2nd Engineer, Shitara.'
Inscribed 'Sakhalin (Karafuto) Dispatch, 52nd Regiment, Watanabe.'

Inscribed 'Sagaren Defense, Discharge Commemorative.'